About Snow-damage Protection Forest

Area-based Snow Damage Classification of Forest Canopies Using Bi-temporal Lidar Data

Multitemporal LiDAR data provide means for mapping structural changes in forest canopies. We demonstrate the use of area-based estimation method for snow damage assessment. Change features of bi-temporal LiDAR point height distributions were used as predictors in combination with in situ training data. In the winter 2009−2010, snow damages occurred in Hyytiälä (62°N, 24°E), southern Finland. Sn...

The Snow Must Go On: Ground Ice Encasement, Snow Compaction and Absence of Snow Differently Cause Soil Hypoxia, CO2 Accumulation and Tree Seedling Damage in Boreal Forest

At high latitudes, the climate has warmed at twice the rate of the global average with most changes observed in autumn, winter and spring. Increasing winter temperatures and wide temperature fluctuations are leading to more frequent rain-on-snow events and freeze-thaw cycles causing snow compaction and formation of ice layers in the snowpack, thus creating ice encasement (IE). By decreasing the...

The Kökyar Protection Forest

S. Missall, M. Welp, N. Thevs, A. Abliz, and Ü. Halik Faculty of Forest and Environment, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, Eberswalde, Germany Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China Faculty of Mathematics and Geog...

Protection and Damage Factors

Natural agents affect the abundance, distribution, and stature of California's hardwoods, as well as that of almost any biological species. In addition to affecting the vascular plants, the agents interact with each other, either enhancing or mitigating the influence on the overall biotic community. The agents may be biotic, such as insects, diseases, or herbivores, or abiotic, such as various ...

Value of Improved Information about Forest Protection Values, with Application to Rainforest Valuation